Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer globally, and early detection is crucial because symptoms like diarrhea, abdominal pain, and anemia can be easily overlooked. Recent years have seen a worrying rise in diagnoses among younger adults, though the exact causes remain unclear. The good news is that when caught early, colorectal cancer is highly treatable.
To help readers understand how to protect their bowel health, we consulted Dr. Ursina Teitelbaum, a medical oncologist at Penn Medicine. Here are five mistakes she personally avoids – and that you should too.
1. Ignoring Family History
Family history is a significant risk factor : up to one in three diagnosed individuals have relatives who also had the disease. This can be due to shared genetics, environmental factors, or a combination of both.
Knowing your family’s medical background is essential. Ask relatives – parents, siblings, grandparents, cousins – if anyone has been diagnosed with colorectal cancer. If a first-degree relative has had it, you may need to start screening earlier because your genetic risk is higher.
2. Skipping or Delaying Screenings
Colorectal cancer cases are increasing among young adults. While still rare, this alarming trend makes early screening more important than ever. Current guidelines recommend that all adults begin screening at age 45 with either a colonoscopy or a stool-based test.
Regular colonoscopies are especially vital for those with inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis). But even healthy people with no family history can develop the disease, so screening is essential for everyone over 45.
3. Dismissing Unusual Symptoms
Young adults often underestimate the possibility of cancer when they experience abnormal symptoms, and some doctors may not immediately suspect it either. This can lead to delayed diagnoses.
Pay attention to changes in bowel habits: constipation, blood in stool, or persistent abdominal pain. Diarrhea, unexplained fatigue, or anemia also warrant a medical checkup. If your doctor dismisses your concerns, seek a second opinion. Advocating for yourself is crucial.
4. Underestimating Lifestyle Factors
While the exact causes of colorectal cancer are complex, over half of cases are linked to modifiable lifestyle choices. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a sedentary lifestyle all raise your risk.
Diet also matters significantly: red and processed foods are linked to higher risk, while fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can lower it. A healthy lifestyle won’t guarantee prevention, but it may help reduce your chances.
5. Avoiding Discussions About Bowel Movements
Talking about poop can be uncomfortable, but it’s essential. Irregularities – pencil-thin stools, blood, or consistent changes – can be early warning signs. The stigma around discussing bowel habits prevents many from seeking help when something is wrong.
Don’t hesitate to talk to your doctor about changes in your bowel movements. Open communication could save your life.
In conclusion: Early detection through screenings, awareness of family history, and a healthy lifestyle are the most effective ways to protect against colorectal cancer. Don’t ignore warning signs or avoid discussing bowel health – proactive attention can significantly improve outcomes.
